Δευτέρα 29 Σεπτεμβρίου 2025

Our forgotten brothers: the Rum Orthodox Christians (Romeoi) of the Middle East


 

Democratic Patriotic Popular Movement NIKI

These last few days, we have been watching what is brewing in the Middle East with awe. With awe and possibly a secret anxiousness, hoping the conflict does not expand, that the problems do not spill to our own lands. However, while the conflict is confined there, we consider it something foreign; we believe it does not concern us, that it does not involve us. And yet, we are deeply wrong. Not only does it concern us greatly, but we are in the midst of these events. Because there live our forgotten brothers, the two million Rum Orthodox Christians (Romeoi) of the Middle East.

Indeed. Two million Orthodox Romeoi in the Middle East, and many more millions in the diaspora. What are all of them? They are the very same as us, they have the same history, they belong to the same civilization, they have the same historic capital, the same faith, the same customs, the same ancestors, the same heroes, the same saints, the same present and the same future, and they have been revealed the same luminous, soteriological, eschatological path. We are the same collective, the same Genos (sic). All of us, we are the Pious Genos of the Romeoi.

Greek cities in Syria and the general area are already mentioned in the 7th century B.C. However, the real spread of the Greek language in the area, and especially of the Greek civilization, will happen after the years of Alexander the Great and the Seleucid dynasty, when tens of Greek cities are being built. Under Seleucus I Nicator the city of Antioch on the Orontes will be established, with the first settlers being mainly Athenians and Macedonians. Antioch will be a cradle for the Greek civilization, and later for Christianity, while the whole area will be a central pylon of Romanía (the misnamed Byzantine Empire) for hundreds of years. Many scholars and great intellectuals and artists, as well as a multitude of saints, will arise here. We will mention Luke the Evangelist, Saint John Chrysostom, Saint Ephrem the Syrian, Abba Isaac the Syrian, and many others.

In 636, the Muslims, under the second Caliph Umar, will conquer the area. Throughout the centuries, and under continuous Muslim occupation, a part of the Romeoi will convert to Islam and another part will convert to Catholicism, under the pressure of an incredibly strong Vatican penetration into the area. However, another part, despite the hardships the centuries brought, will remain steadfast in its traditions and will reach the current age, proudly declaring that they’re Romeoi Orthodox (Rum Orthodox). And this part of the population today counts two million citizens of Syria, Lebanon, and the general area. That is amazing and the fact that these people endured 14 centuries, while also producing great people like Saint John of Damascus, highlights the strength of faith these people possess.

The Pious Genos of the Romans of New Rome/Constantinople, the Pious Genos of the Romeoi was progressively formed in the context of the Roman Empire as a mixing of three traditions: the Greek cultural foundation, the Roman state framework and perception, and the Jewish Old-Testament historical course and perspective. A unifying catalyst and creative reformer of these was the light of the historical presence of Jesus Christ in the world, the freedom of the “relationship of the persons” and the inauguration of the theanthropic ontology by him. Mankind, finally free from the shackles of death, reexamines and gives a new meaning to its existence as the ecumenical People of God in its historic course from the memory of ages past to the eschatological, ever bright, experienced, and seen Grace. The past, current, and future friends of the initially incorporeal and then incarnated Christ have the perception and self-consciousness of the creation of a historical, unified body, of the People of God, with a common political and spiritual guidance, which is heading towards its eschatological perspective. The giving of meaning and the enlightenment of the personal and the collective existence under this future was and is sanctifying and total/catholic, offering hope, en-thu-siasm, joy, and support even in the hardest personal, social, and state circumstances.

However, on the 19th century, ethnocentrism, as an axis of the then blooming modernity will be deceitfully imposed on the things of our East as well, creating a fracturing of the Genos, firstly spiritual, and then in the sense of the state. A collective alienation of the ethnic groups and the creation of small states, guided chess pieces on the international geopolitical chess board, and often acting against each other. The externally imposed ethnocentrism and its accompanying value system led and still leads us to internal conflicts, conflicts with our own traditional system of values, creating a complete disorientation, lack of direction, unsteadiness, and annihilation.

In a social and state level in our country, especially after our repeated defeats (Asia Minor Catastrophe, Cyprus, bankruptcy, framework of serfdom), the state of dissolution keeps getting worse, with a lack of social coherency, the inability to form strategy and objectives meaningfully. Our collective on the edge of historical annihilation. A simple satellite of the West, and specifically a West that’s teetering under the weight of its own internal cultural degeneration and erosion. Instead of us Romeoi, as a unified collective, offering suggestions and a soteriological model and paradigm to the whole world, we were led to the fracturing, deletion, and our ante portas spiritual and historical annihilation.

In order to be able to not only stand on our two feet but also to fulfil our historical duty to ourselves and humanity, we first need to become conscious of our identity, of our uniqueness as a Romeoi collective, and the objective of our contribution to the history of humanity, the objective that our tradition predicted and for which it prepares us. And a fundamental condition for our march, for our path, is the unity of all the Romeoi people, with the starting point being our country. All of the Romeoi people. All the Romeiko. And the Romeoi of the Middle East is an integral part of the Romee world.

Our brothers, our distinguished brothers, we do not forget you, you are in our hearts, a part of our identities and our very selves, and we will do everything we can to stand at your side. You are very important to us. Your very existence opens up new possibilities for us, an opening and a widening in our ecumenical perspective. Not only because your existence reinforces the historical continuity and cohesiveness of our Genos and our self-recognition as a single, unified historical body; not only because your existence modifies and transforms our relationships as a collective with multiple other collectives and peoples; not only because your existence clearly highlights our multiple historical rights that de facto come into the forefront; but above all because your existence also changes our total way of understanding and perceiving the things of the ecumene, giving meaning to a luminous historical perspective and direction towards the eschaton.

Have courage, then, have courage, People of God! We are many. And not only are we many, but above all, we know that we are on the side of the final victor. As real Romeike hearts in the joy of giving meaning and of our fighting, let us all together sing and chant like Saint John of Damascus centuries ago, of the ever-bright feast of “Everything has been flooded by light, the sky and the earth and the dark depths; all of Creation celebrates the Resurrection of Christ, in which it is affixed.”

Ioannis K. Neonakis

Head of Romeosyne Section

romiosynh@nikh.gr

Πέμπτη 31 Ιουλίου 2025

ΑΥΓΟΥΣΤΟΥ ΠΡΟΜΗΝΥΜΑΤΑ

π. Θεμιστοκλής Μουρτζανός

ΒΗΜΑΤΑ

Ο Αύγουστος, για όσους κρατιόμαστε από τον βράχο της παράδοσής μας, είναι συνδεδεμένος με την Παναγία. Νιώθουμε την ανάγκη από την πρώτη κιόλας μέρα του, να περάσουμε από κάποιον ναό, την ώρα του δειλινού, και να ακούσουμε και να συμψάλουμε το “πολλοίς συνεχόμενος πειρασμοίς προς σε καταφεύγω, σωτηρίαν επιζητών, ω μήτερ του Λόγου και παρθένε, των δυσχερών και δεινών με διάσωσον” ή “των λυπηρών επαγωγαί χειμάζουσι την ταπεινήν μου ψυχήν και συμφορών νέφη την εμήν καλύπτουσι, καρδίαν, Θεονύμφευτε, αλλ’ η φως τετοκυία, το θείον και προαιώνιον, λάμψον μοι το φως το χαρμόσυνον”. 

Είναι τα δύο πανέμορφα ποιήματα των παρακλητικών κανόνων, του Μικρού και του Μεγάλου, που μας υπενθυμίζουν την πορεία της ζωής, τους πειρασμούς μας, την ανάγκη για φως, για σωτηρία, για βοήθεια, για χαρά που ξεπερνά τα μέτρα και τα όρια του παρόντος. Είναι η Παναγία η μορφή αυτή που μπορεί να μας δώσει ό,τι ζητάμε και σ’ αυτήν απευθυνόμαστε, όσοι ακόμη αντέχουμε να βλέπουμε τον Αύγουστο όχι μόνο ως μήνα διακοπών από τους ρυθμούς της καθημερινότητας, αλλά και ως καιρό, ευκαιρία για αναζήτηση της αλήθειας του μέσα κόσμου μας.

Οι Έλληνες, στην πλειονοψηφία μας, έχουμε χάσει αυτόν τον καθημερινό αυγουστιάτικο σύνδεσμο. Ιδίως οι νεώτεροι είναι πιο μακριά, διότι δεν μπορούν να συμμεριστούν το περιεχόμενο των παρακλητικών κανόνων, όχι μόνο λόγω της γλώσσας, αλλά κυρίως διότι περιγράφουν έναν άνθρωπο που νιώθει την ήττα του από την ισχύ του κοσμικού πνεύματος, της βιοτικής παραζάλης, η οποία τον κυκλώνει όπως οι μέλισσες το κερί, της θλίψης που γίνεται βέλος που τρώει την καρδιά, και οι νεώτεροι το καλοκαίρι δεν θέλουν έγνοιες, θέλουν τη ζωή τους να χαρακτηρίζεται από τη ραστώνη της ανίας, της διασκέδασης, της θάλασσας και των διακοπών, να πηγαίνουν σε συναυλίες, σε εκδρομές, να μην αισθάνονται ότι τους κυνηγούνε βάσανα. Και μοιάζει εύλογη αυτή η προτίμηση.

Όμως ο χρόνος δεν αφήνει τον άνθρωπο να λησμονήσει αυτό που του λείπει. Μπορεί να θέλουμε να αφήσουμε στην άκρη τις ταραχές και το κενό μας, να μπούμε στη θάλασσα για να ελευθερωθούμε από τις εντάσεις μας, να βρούμε φως, να ξεσκάσουμε, να φλερτάρουμε, να απολαύσουμε, να συναντηθούμε με τα παιδιά μας που δεν προλαβαίνουμε να τα δούμε στον ρυθμό του υπόλοιπου χρόνου, όμως το “έτι έν σοι λείπει” και η εύρεση του “ενός ού έστι χρεία” αγγίζει την ψυχή μας και τον Αύγουστο. Κι εδώ η Παναγία είναι και παραμένει η απάντηση.

Στην εικόνα της μπροστά, την ώρα που ανάβουμε κερί και προσκυνούμε, νιώθουμε ότι εκείνη παραμένει η μάνα όλων των ανθρώπων και η δική μας. Και κάνοντας μια προσευχή σ’ αυτήν, δεν μένουμε μόνο στον δικό μας τρόπο. Αφηνόμαστε στη δική της αγκαλιά, για να μας δείξει με τη σιωπή της, το αδιόρατο χαμόγελο που απευθύνεται προς τον καθέναν μας, ότι ο Υιός που κρατά είναι ο Θεός μας. Και όπως Εκείνος μας κοιτάζει, έχοντας την αγάπη της δικής της αγκαλιάς, είναι έτοιμος να μας δώσει, στην παντοδυναμία Του, την απάντηση, που είναι ο Ίδιος. Ο Θεός που μας ενισχύει και μας σώζει. Που μας αγαπά, περιμένοντας από εμάς να μη νιώσουμε οι μεγάλοι που πρέπει να απαντήσουμε στα πάντα με τον τρόπο μας, αλλά τα παιδιά, οι φίλοι Του, που θέλουμε να κουρνιάσουμε κι εμείς στην αγκαλιά της Παναγίας, της μάνας μας που μας δείχνει το φως το χαρμόσυνο.

Ας πάρουμε μέρος στις παρακλήσεις του Αυγούστου. Δεν είναι μόνο θέμα παράδοσης. Είναι και η ανάγκη να βρούμε την δική μας απάντηση στην αγάπη της Παναγίας.

Δημοσιεύθηκε στην “Ορθόδοξη Αλήθεια”
στο φύλλο της Τετάρτης 30 Ιουλίου 2025

Πέμπτη 6 Μαρτίου 2025

A Fast of Righteousness

Fr. Stephen Freeman

Glory 2 God for all things

I am often puzzled by the things theologians say about “righteousness.” First, there are a striking number of different treatments. That alone should tell anyone that we are standing on the ground of “theory” rather than knowledge when we hear pronouncements about the word. It is, of course, an important word. “Seek first the Kingdom of God and its righteousness…,” Christ commands in the Sermon on the Mount. I think I know what that means to a Lutheran or an Evangelical. I know what it means to NT Wright. But, none of what I see in them really makes a lot of sense in the context of the Sermon on the Mount. I am going to suggest something different. You may, of course, consider this just one more theory. So be it.

There is a great theme of righteousness in the Old Testament. To a certain extent, it can be described as a “proper balance,” or “things being in their right place, order and amount.” Most of the judgments that concerned normal people in their daily lives (apart from matters of ritual) were oriented around property, income, debt, and daily needs. The great “engine” of the Israelite economy (according to the Law) was the Law of the Sabbath and the Jubilee Year.

If we look at a simple rule we can see this in play. “Do not muzzle an ox who is treading out the grain.” It means, if your ox is being used to drive the mill wheel that is grinding the wheat, you may not prevent them from having some opportunity to munch the wheat that is falling at their feet. Why? It’s quite simple. You have a lot of wheat, and you shouldn’t begrudge an animal a small share. After all, it’s that animal’s sweat that is making your grain palatable. To greedily prevent the animal from its share is unrighteous. It is an improper balance and exploitation of a beast.

This, of course, is an example that involves only an animal. But the principle is constant throughout the Law and the Prophets. The Jubilee cancels debts and restores the land to its proper owner (and this is a “righteous” judgment).

When we come to the New Testament, Jesus repeatedly speaks of debts being canceled, of the deliverance of the poor, of the rich being in danger. When He offers a parable about the Judgment, it is about sharing: food, clothing, care, and concern. The one who shares with the one who is in need is counted “righteous.”

This, I think, points to a proper (and rather simple) meaning of the term. It is not just some form of “social justice.” There is something more cosmic and eschatological about it. Wherever the Kingdom comes, its “righteousness” is made manifest. What does that look like? Christ described it to the disciples of John:

Jesus answered and said to them, “Go and tell John the things you have seen and heard: that the blind see, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, the poor have the gospel preached to them. (Lk. 7:22)

These are all cases of people who live in a deficit (while others live in a surfeit). When the Kingdom is made manifest, things are set right: its righteousness is made manifest. But its coming is of a supernatural character. There is a moral component: we are taught to behave in a manner towards others that “sets things right.” We are told to do to others what we would want to be done to us. And then, because of the abundance of the Kingdom, we are told to do more than that. We give even to those who will not give in return. This is righteousness.

There is an inner righteousness. For the Kingdom of God is not a mere set of moral actions. It is also an inner transformation, where we not only “do” righteousness, but “become” righteous. That inner work is also the “setting right” of things. We were created in the image and likeness of God, but have become debtors to sin. Spiritually, we have become poor and are unable to overcome our hateful sin-master. God’s gift to us becomes an abiding Jubilee, abolishing the debt of sin and restoring us to our right place before Him.

However we might think of righteousness (perhaps as the Divine Energies), it has this characteristic of “setting right,” of putting things back in their proper place. Human beings were created to be the very image of God, but became enslaved to sin. In the pattern of our salvation, the Rich became poor, that we (the poor) might become rich. God became what we are that we might become what He is. His righteousness is His love.

While fasting with the body, brethren, let us also fast in spirit. Let us loose every bond of iniquity; let us undo the knots of every contract made by violence; let us tear up all unjust agreements; let us give bread to the hungry and welcome to our house the poor who have no roof to cover them, that we may receive great mercy from Christ our God.

Stichera on “Lord, I Call” for Wednesday of the First Week of Great Lent